Deionized water
Tweet Today, deionized (Dl) water has become an essential ingredient in hundreds of applications including: medical, laboratory, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, electronics manufacturing, food processing, plating, countless industrial processes – even the final rinse at the local car wash. THE DEIONIZATION PROCESS Most dissolved impurities in modern water supplies are ions like calcium, sodium, chlorides, [...]
Today, deionized (Dl) water has become an essential ingredient in hundreds of applications including: medical, laboratory, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, electronics manufacturing, food processing, plating, countless industrial processes – even the final rinse at the local car wash.
THE DEIONIZATION PROCESS
Most dissolved impurities in modern water supplies are ions like calcium, sodium, chlorides, etc. The deionization process removes ions from water via ion exchange. Positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) are exchanged for hydrogen (H+) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions, respectively, due to the resin’s greater affinity for other ions. The ion exchange process occurs on the binding sites of the resin beads. Once depleted of exchange capacity, the resin bed is regenerated with concentrated acid and caustic which strips away accumulated ions through physical displacement, leaving hydrogen or hydroxyl ions in their place.
DEIONIZER TYPES
Deionizers exist in four basic forms: disposable cartridges, portable exchange tanks, automatic units, and continuous units. A two-bed system employs separate cation and anion resin beds. Mixed-bed deionizers utilize both resins in the same vessel. The highest quality water is produced by mixed-bed deionizers, while two-bed deionizers have a larger capacity. Continuous deionizers, mainly used in labs for polishing, do not require regeneration.
TESTING Dl WATER QUALITY
Water quality from deionizers varies with the type of resins used, feed water quality, flow, efficiency of regeneration, remaining capacity, etc. Because of these variables, it is critical in many Dl water applications to know the precise quality. Resistivity/ conductivity is the most convenient method for testing Dl water quality. Deionized pure water is a poor electrical conductor, having a resistivity of 18.2 million ohm-cm (18.2 megohm) and conductivity of 0.055 microsiemens. It is the amount of ionized substances (or salts) dissolved in the water which determines water’s ability to conduct electricity. Therefore, resistivity and its inverse, conductivity, are good general purpose quality parameters.
Because temperature dramatically affects the conductivity of water, conductivity measurements are internationally referenced to 25°C to allow for comparisons of different samples. With typical water supplies, temperature changes the conductivity an average of 2%/°C, which is relatively easy to compensate. Deionized water, however, is much more challenging to accurately measure since temperature effects can approach 10%/°C! Accurate automatic temperature compensation, therefore, is the heart of any respectable instrument.
RECOMMENDED INSTRUMENTATION
Portable instruments are typically used to measure Dl water quality at points of use, pinpoint problems in a Dl system confirm monitor readings, and test the feed water to the system. The handheld Myron L meters have been the first choice of Dl water professionals for many years. For two-bed Dl systems, there are several usable models with displays in either microsiemens or ppm (parts per million) of total dissolved solids. The most versatile instruments for Dl water is the Ultrameter II 4P or Ultrameter II 6PFCE , which can measure both ultrapure mixed-bed quality water and unpurified water. It should be noted that once Dl water leaves the piping, its resistivity will drop because the water absorbs dissolved carbon dioxide from the air. Measuring of ultrapure water with a hand-held instrument requires not only the right instrument, but the right technique to obtain accurate, repeatable readings. Myron L meters offer the accuracy and precision necessary for ultrapure water measurements.
In-line Monitor/controllers are generally used in the more demanding Dl water applications. Increased accuracy is realized since the degrading effect of carbon dioxide on high purity water is avoided by use of an in-line sensor (cell). This same degradation of ultrapure water is the reason there are no resistivity calibration standard solutions (as with conductivity instruments). Electronic sensor substitutes are normally used to calibrate resistivity Monitor/controllers.
Myron L Meters carries a variety of in-line instruments, including resistivity Monitor/controllers which are designed specifically for Dl water. Seven resistivity ranges are available to suit any Dl water application: 0-20 megohm, 0-10 megohm,
0-5 megohm, 0-2 megohm, 0-1 megohm, 0-500 kilohm, and 0-200 kilohm. Temperature compensation is automatic and achieved via a dual thermistor circuit. Monitor/controller models contain an internal adjustable set point, Piezo alarm connectors and a heavy-duty 10 amp relay circuit which can be used to control an alarm, valves, pump, etc. Available options include 4-20 milliamp output, 3 sensor input, 3 range capability and temperature. Internal electronic sensor substitutes are standard on all Monitor/controllers.
MyronLMeters.com Announces the Myron L Ultrapen PT1
TweetMyronLMeters.com today announced the imminent release of a new Myron L product, the Myron L Ultrapen PT1, a reliable, easy-to-use pen-style meter that measures 3 parameters – conductivity, TDS, and salinity. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE San Diego, California, United States of America(Free-Press-Release.com) February 27, 2011 – MyronLMeters.com today announced the arrival of a new Myron L product, the [...]
MyronLMeters.com today announced the imminent release of a new Myron L product, the Myron L Ultrapen PT1, a reliable, easy-to-use pen-style meter that measures 3 parameters – conductivity, TDS, and salinity.
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
San Diego, California, United States of America(Free-Press-Release.com) February 27, 2011 –
MyronLMeters.com today announced the arrival of a new Myron L product, the Myron L Ultrapen PT1, a reliable, easy-to-use pen-style meter that measures 3 parameters – conductivity, TDS, and salinity.
“The Myron L Ultrapen PT1 will be available soon
Myron L Ultrapen Conductivity TDS Salinity Meter
at MyronLMeters.com,” said James Rutan, president, “and it’s going to be a great seller. The Pocket Tester’s convenience, durability, accuracy, and reliability are unmatched in the industry. It comes complete with a battery installed (and an extra), holster, lanyard, scoop, and instructions. The Myron L PT1 is waterproof, has fully secured circuitry and, as always, MyronLMeters.com has made it easy to order. At MyronLMeters.com, you get a 10% discount…just for ordering online. In addition, all Myron L meters in stock will ship the next business day. The quality of the Ultrapen PT1 and the company’s great reputation for reliable meters is sure to make this a big hit. It even looks great!”
Myron L meters are renowned for their accuracy, reliability, and ease of use, and have applications in automatic rinse tank controls, boiler and cooling towers, circuit board cleanliness testing, deionized water, environmental applications, fountain solutions, dialysis, horticulture, hydroponics, ORP (oxidation reduction potential)/Redox, pool and spa, reverse osmosis, textiles.
MyronLMeters.com has a well-established a web presence on Facebook, Gravatar, Twitter, Squidoo, LinkedIn, and WordPress. MyronLMeters.com encourages customers to join them on these sites for special offers and discounts.
More at http://www.myronlmeters.com
MyronLMeters.com Announces the Arrival of the Myron L Ultrameter III 9P
MyronLMeters.com today announced the arrival of a new Myron L product, the Myron L Ultrameter III, a reliable, easy-to-use meter that measures 9 parameters – conductivity, resistivity, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, saturation index, ORP/free chlorine, pH and temperature.
MyronLMeters.com today announced the arrival of a new Myron L product, the , Myron L Ultrameter III 9P , a reliable, easy-to-use meter that measures 9 parameters – conductivity, resistivity, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, saturation index, ORP/free chlorine, pH and temperature.
“The Ultrameter III is available right now at MyronLMeters.com,” said James Rutan, president. “We’ve made it easy to order, offer great training videos, technical bulletins, manuals, and a 10% discount…just for ordering online. In addition, all Myron L Meters in stock will ship the next business day. The quality of the Ultrameter III and the company’s great reputation for reliable meters is sure to make this a big hit. Don’t forget – this new Ultrameter has wireless data transfer capability when you buy the bluDock. Expect about a 10 day lead time for a week or so.”
MyronLMeters.com carries the full line of Ultrameter III accessories, including the Ultrameter III 9PTK AHL Titration kit, soft protective case, replacement sensors, and the full line of standard solutions and buffers – all at a 10% discount when you order online.
Myron L meters are renowned for their accuracy, reliability, and ease of use, and have applications in automatic rinse tank controls, boiler and cooling towers, circuit board cleanliness testing, deionized water, environmental applications, fountain solutions, dialysis, horticulture, hydroponics, ORP (oxidation reduction potential)/Redox, pool and spa, reverse osmosis, textiles.
MyronLMeters.com has a well-established web presence on Facebook, Gravatar, Twitter, Squidoo, LinkedIn, and WordPress. MyronLMeters.com encourages customers to join them on these sites for special offers and discounts.
Tags: MyronLMeters.com, Myron L, Myron L meters, Ultrameter III, conductivity, resistivity, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, saturation index, ORP/free chlorine, pH and temperature, automatic rinse tank controls, boiler and cooling towers, circuit board cleanliness testing, deionized water, environmental applications, fountain solutions, dialysis, horticulture, hydroponics, ORP (oxidation reduction potential)/Redox, pool and spa, reverse osmosis, textiles